EX-Z55
ƒ/2.6
5.8 mm
1/60

One of the core memory boards hanging in our office collection… the industry standard for computer memory in the 1960’s. Here you see 18 bytes of memory in 2×3 inches, where each hand-woven ferrite ring can be individually magnetized or not, representing 1 or 0.

Until I took this macro zoom shot, I had not noticed the unusual wiring for the cores on the left. The wiring on the right is standard to core memory arrays (to read and write a magnetic bit to the iron core at the intersection of a particular row and address line).

The core memory arrays would often have parity bits for each data row (for error detection). Perhaps the wiring on the left implements a parity operation. It has repeating loops across pairs of rows. Does this look familiar to anyone?

(The only marking on the 7×9” board is Xak 4292. It has 300 bits in the memory array, with 15 pairs of rows with 10 ferrite cores in each row.)

11 responses to “Primitive Memories”

  1. Oh, I am so ashamed to be making a comment when I am a complete neophyte -read: plain ignorant- in this area.

    I wanted to say that you ask if someone is familiar with the core´s design in its left side. Of course I am not, but I am familiar with the pattern. I mean to say that the recursive, redundant, circular design looks so natural, so biologically inspired. I don´t know what´s its reason to be here, but surely the designer was in the right path. I bet that the brain has that looping circuits and wiring, not at all like the linear one on the right side of the board…

    The 60´s… what a bright decade…

  2. Don’t be ashamed…. Your observations evoke images of cortical layers, repeating hierarchies, and the feedback loops that enable auto-associative memories in the brain

    Here’s another fun analogy:
    “The axons in the right brain are longer than in the left and this means they connect neurons that are, on average, farther away from one another… the left brain, by contrast, is more densely woven.”
    – Steven Johnson, Mind Wide Open, p.225.

  3. oh, thank you for that explanation…!!! Does that mean that being a lefty I have more airy thoughts? |-)

    When you say Steven Johnson, right? you mean… Steven Johnson? 😉

  4. Yup he’s the one.

    Being a lefty may be a factor, but I’d think it’s mainly because you are an alien!

    SJ would channel the folowing comment regarding your holistic observations:

    “Viewed with modern imaging technologies, man’s and women’s brains are nearly as distinct from each other as their bodies are. They have reliably different amounts of neurons and gray matter… the left and right hemispheres are more tightly integrated in women than in men.” (p.14)

  5. Very nice shot. Ineffecient as hell but still very understandable and traceable, unlike our current incarnation of circuit design. (by which I mean if it breaks, good luck fixing it yourself, or indeed at all)

    My favorite remains delay line memory.

  6. Think of the whole ferro-magnetic core industry that disappeared as a result of the introduction of solid state memory! Must have been a big loss to some companies. I wonder how much was lost?

  7. and all the hand-assembly labor in the early days…

    How much was lost? A tiny, almost undetectable, fraction of what was gained, IMHO. The continued advance of Moore’s Law drives electronics, communications and computers and has become a primary driver in drug discovery and bioinformatics, medical imaging and diagnostics.

    What’s more, a disruption like this might happen again. (my blog post on this)

  8. A little late commenting on this photo. I first saw one of these boards in 1973 in a US Navy NTDS Univac computer. This unit was a few feet from IBM’s latest "IBM 129 Card Data Recorder" aka keypunch machine. Oh, how far we have come!

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